Orbital Muscle Enlargement: What if It’s Not Graves’ Disease?

Abstract Purpose of Review To provide the radiologist with tools to recognize findings atypical for Graves’ ophthalmopathy and differentiate between most important common alternative causes extraocular muscle enlargement on CT MR imaging. Recent We introduce five ‘red flags’ representing features that are ophthalmopathy: unilateral disease, pattern involvement, adjacent structure restricted diffusion, absence pain. Summary About 95% cases due ophthalmopathy, other less well known recognized. The may aid in recognizing suggesting diagnoses.